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ZstrCompare

Description

Compare two strings lexicographically (case-sensitive).

Parameters

Name Direction Description
s1 in First string.
s2 in Second string.

Success

Returns 0 if equal, <0 if s1<s2, >0 if s1>s2.

Failure

Aborts via LOG_FATAL when either string pointer is NULL.

Usage example (Cross-references)

Usage examples (Cross-references)
    
    static bool zstr_eq(Zstr a, Zstr b) {
        return a && b && ZstrCompare(a, b) == 0;
    }
    }
    
    i32 ZstrCompare(Zstr s1, Zstr s2) {
        if (!s1 || !s2) {
            LOG_FATAL("Invalid arguments");
        }
    
        cmp = ZstrCompare(*a, *b);
        if (cmp < 0) {
            return -1;
    i32 str_cmp_zstr(const Str *s, Zstr other) {
        ValidateStr(s);
        return ZstrCompare(StrBegin(s), other);
    }
            do {
                // Skip "." and ".." entries
                if (ZstrCompare(findFileData.cFileName, ".") == 0 || ZstrCompare(findFileData.cFileName, "..") == 0) {
                    continue;
                }
            DirEntry *e        = VecPtrAt(&dc, i);
            Zstr      entry_nm = StrBegin(&e->name);
            if (ZstrCompare(entry_nm, ".") == 0 || ZstrCompare(entry_nm, "..") == 0) {
                continue;
            }
            // different positions of the raw buffer if the kernel
            // generated separate copies — fall back to string compare.
            if (e->path && path && ZstrCompare(e->path, path) == 0) {
                return e;
            }
        for (size i = 0; i < VecLen(&self->entries); ++i) {
            PdbCacheEntry *e = VecPtrAt(&self->entries, i);
            if (StrBegin(&e->module_path) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&e->module_path), module_path) == 0) {
                return e;
            }
            // 1. /etc/hosts fast path.
            VecForeachPtr(&self->hosts, e) {
                if (StrLen(&e->name) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&e->name), nq) == 0) {
                    SocketAddr a = e->is_ipv6 ? sockaddr_v6(e->ip, port) : sockaddr_v4(e->ip, port);
                    VecPushBackR(out, a);
        for (size i = 0; i < VecLen(&self->entries); ++i) {
            MachoCacheEntry *e = VecPtrAt(&self->entries, i);
            if (StrBegin(&e->module_path) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&e->module_path), module_path) == 0) {
                return e;
            }
        for (size i = 0; i < VecLen(&self->sections); ++i) {
            const PeSection *s = VecPtrAt(&self->sections, i);
            if (ZstrCompare(s->name, name) == 0) {
                return s;
            }
        }
        VecForeachPtr(headers, header) {
            if (0 == ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&header->key), key)) {
                return header;
            }
        for (size i = 0; i < VecLen(&self->sections); ++i) {
            const MachoSection *s = VecPtrAt(&self->sections, i);
            if (ZstrCompare(s->segment, segment) == 0 && ZstrCompare(s->section, section) == 0) {
                return s;
            }
        for (u64 i = 0; i < VecLen(&self->sections); ++i) {
            const ElfSection *s = VecPtrAt(&self->sections, i);
            if (s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, name) == 0) {
                return s;
            }
    
        bool result = (got == (i64)ZstrLen("hello from file")) && (StrLen(&body) == (size)ZstrLen("hello from file")) &&
                      ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), "hello from file") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        Zstr expected = "this is longer than the initial buffer";
        bool result   = (got == (i64)ZstrLen(expected)) && (StrLen(&body) == (size)ZstrLen(expected)) &&
                      ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), expected) == 0 && StrCapacity(&body) >= StrLen(&body) + 1;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        FileClose(&r);
    
        ok = ok && (got == 3) && (StrLen(&body) == 3) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), "new") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        FileClose(&r);
    
        ok = ok && (got == 8) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), "headtail") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        Str body = StrInit(alloc_base);
        i64 got  = FileReadAndClose(&path, &body);
        ok       = ok && (got == (i64)n) && (StrLen(&body) == (size)n) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), payload) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        i64  got  = FileRead(&r, &body);
        FileClose(&r);
        ok = ok && (got == 10) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), "AAA3456789") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        Str body = StrInit(alloc_base);
        i64 got  = FileReadAndClose(&path, &body);
        ok       = ok && (got == 10) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), "helloworld") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        FileClose(&f);
    
        ok = ok && (got == 6) && (StrLen(&body) == 6) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), "ABCDEF") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
    
        ok = ok && (got == (i64)ZstrLen(payload)) && (StrLen(&body) == (size)ZstrLen(payload)) &&
             ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), payload) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        Str body = StrInit(alloc_base);
        i64 got  = FileReadAndClose(&path, &body);
        ok       = ok && (got == (i64)n) && (StrLen(&body) == (size)n) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), payload) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        Str body = StrInit(alloc_base);
        i64 got  = FileReadAndClose(&path, &body);
        ok       = ok && (got == 5) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), "12345") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        Str body = StrInit(alloc_base);
        i64 got  = FileReadAndClose(&path, &body);
        ok       = ok && (got == (i64)StrLen(&in)) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&body), "string-content") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&body);
        ok      = ok && (StrLen(&p1) == 16) && (StrLen(&p2) == 16);
        // Distinct names (overwhelmingly likely; the loop draws fresh entropy).
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&p1), StrBegin(&p2)) != 0);
    
        // They are independent files: writing to one does not affect the other.
        Str b1 = StrInit(alloc_base);
        Str b2 = StrInit(alloc_base);
        ok     = ok && (FileReadAndClose(&p1, &b1) == 3) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&b1), "one") == 0;
        ok     = ok && (FileReadAndClose(&p2, &b2) == 6) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&b2), "twotwo") == 0;
        Str b2 = StrInit(alloc_base);
        ok     = ok && (FileReadAndClose(&p1, &b1) == 3) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&b1), "one") == 0;
        ok     = ok && (FileReadAndClose(&p2, &b2) == 6) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&b2), "twotwo") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&b1);
        ArgRun rc     = ArgParseRun(&p, 3, argv);
    
        bool ok = (rc == ARG_RUN_OK) && listen && ZstrCompare(listen, "0.0.0.0:8080") == 0;
        ArgParseDeinit(&p);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&a);
        ArgRun rc     = ArgParseRun(&p, 2, argv);
    
        bool ok = (rc == ARG_RUN_OK) && listen && ZstrCompare(listen, "0.0.0.0:8080") == 0;
        ArgParseDeinit(&p);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&a);
        ArgRun rc     = ArgParseRun(&p, 3, argv);
    
        bool ok = (rc == ARG_RUN_OK) && listen && ZstrCompare(listen, "127.0.0.1:9") == 0;
        ArgParseDeinit(&p);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&a);
        ArgRun rc     = ArgParseRun(&p, 3, argv);
    
        bool ok = (rc == ARG_RUN_OK) && ZstrCompare(src, "a.txt") == 0 && ZstrCompare(dst, "b.txt") == 0;
        ArgParseDeinit(&p);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&a);
        ArgRun rc     = ArgParseRun(&p, 4, argv);
    
        bool ok = (rc == ARG_RUN_OK) && ZstrCompare(src, "a.txt") == 0 && ZstrCompare(dst, "b.txt") == 0 && verbose == true;
        ArgParseDeinit(&p);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&a);
        ArgRun rc     = ArgParseRun(&p, 3, argv);
    
        bool ok = (rc == ARG_RUN_OK) && ZstrCompare(file, "--unusual-name") == 0;
        ArgParseDeinit(&p);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&a);
        Str              out = StrInit(&a);
        capture_help(p, &out);
        bool ok = (StrLen(&out) == ZstrLen(expected)) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), expected) == 0);
        if (!ok) {
            WriteFmt("[a1] help mismatch:\n");
        char  *argv[] = {(char *)"prog", (char *)"--name", (char *)"carol"};
        ArgRun rc     = ArgParseRun(&p, 3, argv);
        bool   ok     = (rc == ARG_RUN_OK) && s && (ZstrCompare(s, "carol") == 0);
        ArgParseDeinit(&p);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&a);
        ArgRun rc     = ArgParseRun(&p, 2, argv);
    
        bool ok = (rc == ARG_RUN_OK) && listen && ZstrCompare(listen, "host:9") == 0;
        ArgParseDeinit(&p);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&a);
        DateTime         d     = DateTimeFromUnixNs(T_2021 * NS_PER_SEC, 0);
        StrAppendFmt(&s, "{}", d);
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z") == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        DateTime         d     = DateTimeFromUnixNs(T_2021 * NS_PER_SEC, IST);
        StrAppendFmt(&s, "{}", d);
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2021-01-01T05:30:00+05:30") == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        DateTime         d     = DateTimeFromUnixNs(T_2021 * NS_PER_SEC + 123456789ull, 0);
        StrAppendFmt(&s, "{}", d);
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2021-01-01T00:00:00.123456789Z") == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
    
        bool result = GraphNodeIdIndex(node_id) == 0 && StrBegin(&name) != NULL && GraphNodeCount(&graph) == 1 &&
                      ZstrCompare(StrBegin(stored_name), "alpha") == 0 && StrBegin(stored_name) != StrBegin(&name);
    
        StrDeinit(&name);
    
        bool result = GraphNodeIdIndex(node_id) == 0 && GraphNodeCount(&graph) == 1 && StrBegin(stored_name) != NULL &&
                      ZstrCompare(StrBegin(stored_name), "alpha") == 0;
    
        GraphDeinit(&graph);
        result      = result && !GraphHasEdge(&graph, blue, green);
        result      = result && !GraphHasEdge(&graph, red, blue);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(*GraphNodePtrAt(&graph, red), "red") == 0);
    
        GraphDeinit(&graph);
    
        bool result = FloatEQ(&clone, &expected);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-12.5") == 0);
        result      = result && !FloatEQ(&clone, &original);
    
        Str  text  = IntToStr(&result);
        bool right = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        Str  text  = IntToStr(&result);
        bool right = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "120") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&f);
    
        bool result = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "100") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        bool result = (FloatExponent(&value) == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "1152921504606846976") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatAdd(&r, &a, &b);
        t       = FloatToStr(&r);
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), "100.1") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&t);
        FloatAdd(&r, &a, &z);
        t       = FloatToStr(&r);
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), "12.5") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&t);
        text = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-12.5") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatAbs(&value);
        text   = FloatToStr(&value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "12.5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "1.23") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), FLOAT_TEST_VERY_LARGE_THREES) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatAdd(&result_value, &a, &b);
        text        = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "2") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatAdd(&result_value, &a, &whole);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3.25") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatAdd(&result_value, &a, 2u);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3.25") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatAdd(&result_value, &a, -1);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "0.25") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatAdd(&result_value, &a, 0.75f);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "2") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatAdd(&result_value, &a, 0.75);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "2") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&a);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-0.5") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), FLOAT_TEST_VERY_LARGE_TWOS) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatSub(&result_value, &a, &b);
        text        = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "5") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatSub(&result_value, &a, &whole);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3.5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatSub(&result_value, &a, 2u);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3.5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatSub(&result_value, &a, -2);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "7.5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatSub(&result_value, &a, 0.5f);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "5") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&a);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-2.5") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), FLOAT_TEST_VERY_LARGE_TWOS) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatMul(&result_value, &a, &b);
        text        = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatMul(&result_value, &a, &whole);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatMul(&result_value, &a, 2u);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatMul(&result_value, &a, -2);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-3") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatMul(&result_value, &a, 0.5f);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "0.75") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&a);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "0.125") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), FLOAT_TEST_VERY_LARGE_ONES) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatDiv(&result_value, &a, &b, 1);
        text        = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatDiv(&result_value, &a, &whole, 1);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "2.5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatDiv(&result_value, &a, 3u, 1);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "2.5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatDiv(&result_value, &a, -3, 1);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-2.5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatDiv(&result_value, &a, 0.5f, 1);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "15") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        FloatDiv(&result_value, &a, 0.5, 1);
        text   = FloatToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "15") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&a);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-3") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "0.75") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&f);
    
        bool result = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        text = FloatToStr(&f);
    
        bool result = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "19") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        bool ok     = FloatDiv(&quotient, &a, &b, 8);
        text        = FloatToStr(&quotient);
        bool result = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "2") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        bool ok = FloatDiv(&r, &a, 3u, 1);
        text    = FloatToStr(&r);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "2.5") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "42") == 0;
        result      = result && !FloatIsNegative(&value);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-42") == 0;
        result      = result && FloatIsNegative(&value);
        Str   text    = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "12345678901234567890") == 0;
    
        IntDeinit(&integer);
        bool result = FloatToInt(&result_value, &value);
        text        = IntToStr(&result_value);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "12345") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&value);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-123.45") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        ok = float_try_to_str(&text, &value, ALLOCATOR_OF(&alloc));
    
        bool result = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-123.45") == 0) &&
                      (StrAllocator(&text)->effort == alloc.base.effort) &&
                      (StrAllocator(&text)->retry_limit == alloc.base.retry_limit);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), FLOAT_TEST_VERY_LARGE_ONES) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "1230") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "100") == 0;
        result      = result && (FloatCompare(&value, &whole) == 0);
    
        result = result && FloatIsNegative(&value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-2000") == 0);
        result = result && (FloatExponent(&value) == 3);
        Float value = FloatFrom((u64)100, &alloc.base);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
        bool  ok    = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "100") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        Str printed = FloatToStr(&value);
        ok          = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&printed), "3.14") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&printed);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3.14") == 0) && (StrLen(&text) == 4);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "0.001") == 0) && (StrLen(&text) == 5);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "100") == 0) && (StrLen(&text) == 3);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        Str text = FloatToStr(&value);
        ok       = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "1") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str   text  = FloatToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "4503599627370496") == 0) && (StrLen(&text) == 16);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        if ((a->name && !b->name) || (!a->name && b->name))
            return false;
        if (a->name && b->name && ZstrCompare(a->name, b->name) != 0)
            return false;
    
        // The vector's copy should still have the original values
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 0).name, "Test Item") == 0);
        result = result && (VecAt(&vec, 0).values[0] == 1);
    
        // Check items order: item2, item1, item3
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 0).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 1).name, "Item 1") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 2).name, "Item 3") == 0);
        // Check items order: item2, item1, item3
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 0).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 1).name, "Item 1") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 2).name, "Item 3") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 0).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 1).name, "Item 1") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 2).name, "Item 3") == 0);
    
        // Check values
    
        // Check items order: item2, item3, item1
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 0).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 1).name, "Item 3") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 2).name, "Item 1") == 0);
        // Check items order: item2, item3, item1
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 0).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 1).name, "Item 3") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 2).name, "Item 1") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 0).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 1).name, "Item 3") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec, 2).name, "Item 1") == 0);
    
        // Clean up
    
        // Check items in vec1: item1, item2, item3
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 0).name, "Item 1") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 1).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 2).name, "Item 3") == 0);
        // Check items in vec1: item1, item2, item3
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 0).name, "Item 1") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 1).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 2).name, "Item 3") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 0).name, "Item 1") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 1).name, "Item 2") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec1, 2).name, "Item 3") == 0);
    
        // Now test VecMergeL which transfers ownership
    
        // Check items in vec3: item4, item5
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec3, 0).name, "Item 4") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec3, 1).name, "Item 5") == 0);
        // Check items in vec3: item4, item5
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec3, 0).name, "Item 4") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(VecAt(&vec3, 1).name, "Item 5") == 0);
    
        // Clean up
        StrClear(&s);
    
        bool result = (StrLen(&s) == 0) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        StrClear(&s);
    
        bool result = (StrLen(&s) == 0) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        result = result && ok && (StrAllocator(&str)->effort == alloc.base.effort) &&
                 (StrAllocator(&str)->retry_limit == alloc.base.retry_limit) &&
                 (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str), "101001") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&str);
    
            // Should get exact same string back
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str), patterns[i]) == 0);
    
            StrDeinit(&str);
            // Test string conversion consistency
            Str str = BitVecToStr(&bv);
            result  = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str), test_cases[i].pattern) == 0);
            StrDeinit(&str);
        // str2 and str3 are the same integer/byte packing; str1 is the string
        // form. Assert each exactly.
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str1), "11010110") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str2), "01101011") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str3), "01101011") == 0);
        // form. Assert each exactly.
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str1), "11010110") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str2), "01101011") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str3), "01101011") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str2), StrBegin(&str3)) == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str1), "11010110") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str2), "01101011") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str3), "01101011") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str2), StrBegin(&str3)) == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str2), "01101011") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str3), "01101011") == 0);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&str2), StrBegin(&str3)) == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&str1);
    
        bool result = IntToU64(&result_value) == 256;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "100000000") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        IntAdd(&result_value, &huge, 10);
        text   = IntToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "123456789012345678901234567900") == 0);
    
        IntDeinit(&base);
        result = result && IntSub(&result_value, &huge, 90);
        text   = IntToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "12345678901234567800") == 0);
    
        result = result && !IntSub(&preserved, &base, 50);
        text = IntToStr(&result_value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "308641972530864197250") == 0;
    
        IntDeinit(&value);
        IntPow(&result_value, &base, 20u);
        text        = IntToStr(&result_value);
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "79792266297612001") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        IntPow(&result_value, &base, &exponent);
        text   = IntToStr(&result_value);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "79792266297612001") == 0);
    
        IntDeinit(&base);
        qtext = IntToStr(&quotient);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&qtext), "127275040218913071") == 0;
        result      = result && (IntToU64(&remainder) == 3);
        bool result = IntDivExact(&result_value, &dividend, 90u);
        text        = IntToStr(&result_value);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "137174210013717421") == 0);
    
        IntDeinit(&dividend);
        text = IntToStr(&quotient);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "127275040218913071") == 0;
        result      = result && (IntToU64(&remainder) == 3);
        text    = IntToStr(&next);
    
        bool result = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "1000000007") == 0;
    
        IntDeinit(&value);
    
        bool result = (IntToU64(&sum) == 128u);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&bits), "10000000") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&bits);
    
        bool result = ok;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&qtext), "127275040218913071") == 0);
        result      = result && (IntToU64(&remainder) == 3u);
    
        bool result = ok;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&qtext), "949667607787274453") == 0);
        result      = result && (IntToU64(&remainder) == 1u);
    
        bool result = ok;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&qtext), "12499999874") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&rtext), "833333448067901235") == 0);
        bool result = ok;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&qtext), "12499999874") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&rtext), "833333448067901235") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&qtext);
        bool result = IntBitLength(&value) == 4;
        result      = result && (IntToU64(&value) == 13);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "1101") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        bool result = written == 4;
        result      = result && (MemCompare(out, bytes, sizeof(bytes)) == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "cdef1234") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        bool result = written == 4;
        result      = result && (MemCompare(out, bytes, sizeof(bytes)) == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "12345678") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        bool result = IntToU64(&value) == 11;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "1011") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str  text   = IntToStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), digits) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        bool result = IntToU64(&value) == 1295;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "zz") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str text  = IntToStrRadix(&value, 16, true);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "BEEF") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        ok = int_try_to_str_radix(&text, &value, 16, true, ALLOCATOR_OF(&alloc));
    
        bool result = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "BEEF") == 0) &&
                      (StrAllocator(&text)->effort == alloc.base.effort) &&
                      (StrAllocator(&text)->retry_limit == alloc.base.retry_limit);
        result      = result && (IntToU64(&zero, &error) == 0);
        result      = result && !error;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "0") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        bool result = IntToU64(&value) == 493;
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "755") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str  text  = IntToHexStr(&value);
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), hex) == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
        Str dec_big   = IntToStrRadix(&big, 10, false, &alloc.base);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dec_small), "7") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_mid), "ff") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_mid_u), "FF") == 0);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dec_small), "7") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_mid), "ff") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_mid_u), "FF") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dec_big), "123456789012345678901234567890") == 0);
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dec_small), "7") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_mid), "ff") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_mid_u), "FF") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dec_big), "123456789012345678901234567890") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_mid), "ff") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_mid_u), "FF") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dec_big), "123456789012345678901234567890") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&dec_small);
        Str back_hex = IntToStrRadix(&parsed_hex, 16, false, &alloc.base);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&back_dec), "987654321987654321") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&back_hex), "deadbeef") == 0);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&back_dec), "987654321987654321") == 0);
        result      = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&back_hex), "deadbeef") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&back_dec);
        Point2D p  = {.x = 3, .y = 4};
        bool    ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", p);
        ok         = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "(3, 4)") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        i32     count = 7;
        bool    ok    = StrAppendFmt(&out, "got {} hits at {}", count, p);
        ok            = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "got 7 hits at (-1, 2)") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        };
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", b);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "[(0, 0)..(10, 20)]") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        };
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", r);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "42:[(0, 0)..(100, 50)]@(50, 25)") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        // types and built-ins coexist in one IOFMT expansion.
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "score={.1} region={} origin={}", score, region, origin);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "score=1.5 region=7:[(1, 2)..(3, 4)]@(2, 3) origin=(0, 0)") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "Hello, world!");
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "Hello, world!") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{​{Hello}}");
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "{Hello}") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{​{{​{");
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "{​{") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr str = "Hello";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", str);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "Hello") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{>10}", str);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "     Hello") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{<10}", str);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "Hello     ") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{^10}", str);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "  Hello   ") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        Str s = StrInitFromZstr("World", &alloc);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", s);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "World") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&s);
        i8 i8_val = -42;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", i8_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "-42") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        i16 i16_val = -1234;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", i16_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "-1234") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        i32 i32_val = -123456;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", i32_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "-123456") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        i64 i64_val = -1234567890LL;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", i64_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "-1234567890") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        u8 u8_val = 42;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", u8_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "42") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        u16 u16_val = 1234;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", u16_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1234") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        u32 u32_val = 123456;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", u32_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "123456") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        u64 u64_val = 1234567890ULL;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", u64_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1234567890") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        i8 i8_max = 127;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", i8_max);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "127") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        i8 i8_min = -128;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", i8_min);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "-128") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        u8 u8_max = 255;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", u8_max);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "255") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        u8 u8_min = 0;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", u8_min);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        u32 val = 0xDEADBEEF;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0xdeadbeef") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{X}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0xDEADBEEF") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        u8 val = 0xA5; // 10100101 in binary
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{b}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0b10100101") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        u16 val = 0777;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{o}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0o777") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        f32 f32_val = 3.14159f;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", f32_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "3.141590") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        f64 f64_val = 2.71828;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", f64_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "2.718280") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.2}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "3.14") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.0}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "3") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.10}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "3.1415926536") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        f64 pos_inf = F64_INFINITY;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", pos_inf);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "inf") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        f64 neg_inf = -F64_INFINITY;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", neg_inf);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "-inf") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        f64 nan_val = F64_NAN;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", nan_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "nan") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        i32 val = 42;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{5}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "   42") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{<5}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "42   ") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{^5}", val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), " 42  ") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        Zstr str = "abc";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{5}", str);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "  abc") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{<5}", str);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "abc  ") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{^5}", str);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), " abc ") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{} {} {}", hello, num, pi);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "Hello 42 3.140000") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{} {} {}", pi, hello, num);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "3.140000 Hello 42") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr mixed_case = "MiXeD CaSe";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{c}", mixed_case);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "MiXeD CaSe") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{a}", mixed_case);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "mixed case") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{A}", mixed_case);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "MIXED CASE") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{c}", s);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "MiXeD CaSe") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{a}", s);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "mixed case") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{A}", s);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "MIXED CASE") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{c}", upper_char);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "M") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{a}", upper_char);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "m") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{A}", lower_char);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "M") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        BitVec bv1 = BitVecFromStr("10110", alloc_base);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", bv1);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "10110") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        BitVec bv2 = BitVecFromInteger(0xABCD, 16, alloc_base);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", bv2);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0xabcd") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{X}", bv2);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0xABCD") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        BitVec bv3 = BitVecFromInteger(0755, 10, alloc_base);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{o}", bv3);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0o755") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{>10}", bv1);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "     10110") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{<10}", bv1);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "10110     ") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{^10}", bv1);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "  10110   ") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
        BitVec bv_zero = BitVecFromInteger(0, 1, alloc_base);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", bv_zero);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0x0") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{o}", bv_zero);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0o0") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", big_dec);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "123456789012345678901234567890") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", hex_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "deadbeefcafebabe1234") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{X}", hex_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "DEADBEEFCAFEBABE1234") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{b}", bin_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "10100011") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{o}", oct_val);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "755") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{>34}", big_dec);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "    123456789012345678901234567890") == 0);
    
        IntDeinit(&big_dec);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", exact);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1234567890.012345") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{e}", sci);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.234567e+04") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{E}", sci);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.234567E+04") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.3}", short_v);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.200") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{>18}", sci);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "          12345.67") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&exact);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", b); // Buf is a first-class {} argument now
    
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "hello") == 0;
    
        BufDeinit(&b);
        u8 esc = 0x1B;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", esc);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\x1b") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        u8 bel = 0x07;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", bel);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\x07") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        u8 hi = 0xFF;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{A}", hi);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\xFF") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        u8 ab = 0xAB;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", ab);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\xab") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        StrClear(&s);
        StrAppendFmt(&s, "{}", utc);
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z") == 0;
    
        DateTime ist = DateTimeFromUnixNs(base, 19800); // +05:30
        StrClear(&s);
        StrAppendFmt(&s, "{}", ist);
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2021-01-01T05:30:00+05:30") == 0;
    
        DateTime neg = DateTimeFromUnixNs(base, -34200); // -09:30
        StrClear(&s);
        StrAppendFmt(&s, "{}", neg);
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2020-12-31T14:30:00-09:30") == 0;
    
        DateTime frac = DateTimeFromUnixNs(base + 123456789ull, 0);
        StrClear(&s);
        StrAppendFmt(&s, "{}", frac);
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2021-01-01T00:00:00.123456789Z") == 0;
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        Str  text = FloatToStr(&f);
        bool ok   = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), expected) == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&text);
            Str back = StrInit(&alloc);
            FileRead(&f, &back);
            ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&back), expect) == 0);
            StrDeinit(&back);
            FileClose(&f);
        // of the whole buffer, so the prefix "AB" rides along: "   ABxyz". A wrong
        // start_len / sub->add mis-computes content_len and changes the pad count.
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "   ABxyz") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        Str s = StrInitFromZstr("hi", &alloc);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{<5}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "hi   ") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{X}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0x0F") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0x0f") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", s);
        // gt_to_ge => " 0x01 0x02" (leading space); gt_to_le => "0x010x02".
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0x01 0x02") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0x05") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        Str s = StrInitFromZstr("hello", &alloc);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.3}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "hel") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        Zstr s = "AB"; // 0x41 0x42
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0x41 0x42") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "Z"; // 0x5a
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0x5a") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "\xab"; // single byte 0xab
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0xab") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "\xab";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{X}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0xAB") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "\x05"; // single byte 0x05
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0x05") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "\xfe";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0xfe") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "Hello";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.3}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "Hel") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "Hi";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.10}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "Hi") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "Hello";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.1}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "H") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "Hi";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "abc{>10}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "        abcHi") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "Hi";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "xy{<10}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "xyHi        ") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr s = "";
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{>5}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "     ") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{e}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1e+00") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.0e}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0e+00") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.3e}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "0.000e+00") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{.2e}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.20e+01") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{e}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.234567e+04") == 0);
        StrClear(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{E}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.234567E+04") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        Str text = FloatToStr(&val);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "3.5") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        Str text = FloatToStr(&val);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "12.25") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&text);
        // 1.5e2 == 150
        Str text = FloatToStr(&val);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "150") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        Str text = FloatToStr(&val);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&text), "-0.25") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&text);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", (u32)42);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "00042") == 0);
        ok = ok && (StrLen(&out) == 5);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", (u32)12345);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "12345") == 0);
        ok = ok && (StrLen(&out) == 5);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{06}", (i32)-42);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "-00042") == 0);
        ok = ok && (StrLen(&out) == 6);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", (i32)42);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "00042") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{08}", (i32)-7);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "-0000007") == 0);
        ok = ok && (StrLen(&out) == 8);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{016x}", (u32)0xFF);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "00000000000000ff") == 0);
        ok = ok && (StrLen(&out) == 16);
        Str out;
        success = success && float_try_to_decimal_str(&out, &val, 3, true, alloc_base);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "12.000") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Str out;
        success = success && float_try_to_decimal_str(&out, &val, 0, true, alloc_base);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "12") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Str out;
        success = success && float_try_to_decimal_str(&out, &val, 3, true, alloc_base);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.500") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Str out;
        success = success && float_try_to_decimal_str(&out, &val, 0, true, alloc_base);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Str out;
        success = success && float_try_to_decimal_str(&out, &val, 1, true, alloc_base);
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.2") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        f64 v = 1.5;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.500000") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        f64 v = 1.5;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{e}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.500000e+00") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        f64 v = 1.5;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{E}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "1.500000E+00") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        f64 v = 1.5;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{12}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "    1.500000") == 0);
        ok = ok && (StrLen(&output) == 12);
        f64 v = 1.5;
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{12}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "    XYZ1.500000") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1e+00") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1e-03") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1e+12") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        // Real: lowercase hex "0xff". base->42 mutant fails (not "0xff");
        // and_to_or mutant would force caps -> "0xFF".
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0xff") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{X}", v);
        // Real: uppercase hex "0xFF". ne_to_eq mutant inverts caps -> "0xff".
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0xFF") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        i64 v = 5; // 0b101
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{b}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0b101") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        i64 v = 8; // 0o10
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{o}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0o10") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        i64 v = -42;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "-42") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        i64 v = 42;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "X{5}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "   X42") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "X{05}", v);
        // start_len=1, content "42" len 2, width 5 -> three '0' fills: "X00042".
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "X00042") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{c}", a);
        success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "A") == 0);
    
        IntDeinit(&a);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{c}", a);
        success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "z") == 0);
    
        IntDeinit(&a);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "ab");
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{>6}", seven);
        success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "     ab7") == 0);
    
        IntDeinit(&seven);
        u8   v  = 200;
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{1r}", v);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "200") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        u16  v  = 258;
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{2r}", v);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "258") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        u32  v  = 65538;
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{4r}", v);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "65538") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        u64  v  = 4294967298ULL;
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{8r}", v);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "4294967298") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        i64  v  = 4294967298LL;
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{8r}", v);
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "4294967298") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        // the "X:" prefix rides along after the spaces: "     X:255" (len 10).
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{8}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "     X:255") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        u64 v = 7;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{5}", v); // "    7"
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "    7") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        // Left-align variant so a dropped pad is unambiguous.
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{<5}", v); // "7    "
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "7    ") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        u64 v = 42;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", v); // zero-pad width 5 -> "00042"
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "p00042") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", v);
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.234567e+04") == 0;
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.2e}", v);
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.23e+04") == 0;
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "XX");
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{>5}", v);
        bool ok = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "  XX1.2") == 0 && StrLen(&out) == 7;
    
        FloatDeinit(&v);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "XX{>5}", bv);
        bool ok = (StrLen(&out) == 7) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "    XX1") == 0);
    
        BitVecDeinit(&bv);
        bool r = StrPatchFmt(&o, 0, "AB{");
    
        bool ok = (r == false) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&o), "-----") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&o);
        bool r = StrPatchFmt(&o, StrLen(&o), ""); // offset == length, empty render
    
        bool ok = (r == true) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&o), "hello") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&o);
        bool r = StrPatchFmt(&o, 0, "12345");                      // renders exactly 5 chars
    
        bool ok = (r == true) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&o), "12345") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&o);
    
        Str  oct_text = IntToOctStr(&oct);
        bool ok       = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&oct_text), "7") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&oct_text);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{s}", ZstrIO(name, alloc_base));
    
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "hello") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{c}", v);
    
        bool ok = (StrLen(&output) == 4) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "BCDE") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        StrPushBackR(&src, 0x1A);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", src);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\x1a") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrClear(&src);
        StrPushBackR(&src, 0xA1);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", src);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\xa1") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&src);
        Float f = FloatFromStr("1.2", alloc_base);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.5}", f);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.20000") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        Float g = FloatFromStr("3.14", alloc_base);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.6}", g);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "3.140000") == 0);
    
        FloatDeinit(&f);
        u32 v = 255;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{03}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "255") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        // Sanity: width one wider really does pad (guards against a no-op pad).
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{04}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0255") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Zstr s = "abc";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{3}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "abc") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        // Left/center at the exact boundary likewise add nothing.
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{<3}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "abc") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{^3}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "abc") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        // Sanity: width 4 does pad (one space, right-aligned default).
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{4}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), " abc") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Str s = StrInitFromZstr("hello", &alloc);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", s); // width defaults to 0 -> no padding
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "hello") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        f64 v = 3.14;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v); // default precision 6
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "3.140000") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.2}", v); // explicit precision 2
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "3.14") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", (u32)7);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "00007") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{007}", (u32)3);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0000003") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{09}", (u32)3);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "000000003") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{9}", (u32)3);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "        3") == 0);
        ok = ok && (StrLen(&out) == 9);
        bool rc = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.9s}", s);
        ok      = ok && rc;
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "Hello") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        u32              v     = 7;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "00007") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        Zstr             s     = "ab";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{4}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "  ab") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        // Two-digit width exercises the width loop (151) more than once.
        // Two-digit width exercises the width loop (151) more than once.
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{12}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "          ab") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        f64              v     = 3.14159;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.2}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "3.14") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        // multi-digit precision exercises the precision loop body (165).
        // multi-digit precision exercises the precision loop body (165).
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.4}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "3.1416") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        bool rc = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.}", v);
        // Real: false; output keeps only the prior "literal" (append stopped).
        bool ok = (rc == false) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "literal") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        i32              v     = -7;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "-0007") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        u32              v     = 123;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{03}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "123") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", v);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{05}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "00123") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        Zstr             s     = "abc";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{3}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "abc") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{5}", s);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{5}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "  abc") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        Str              out   = StrInit(&alloc);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "a{​{b");
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "a{b") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        Str              out   = StrInit(&alloc);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "a}}b");
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "a}b") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        u32              v     = 0xAB;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{x}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0xab") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        u16              v     = 0x1234; // 4660
        bool             rc    = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{<2r}", v);
        bool             ok    = rc && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "4660") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        u64              v     = 0x0102030405060708ULL; // 72623859790382856
        bool             rc    = StrAppendFmt(&out, "{>8r}", v);
        bool             ok    = rc && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "72623859790382856") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
                Str back = StrInit(&alloc);
                FileRead(&r, &back);
                ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&back), "n=42\n") == 0);
                StrDeinit(&back);
                FileClose(&r);
                Str back = StrInit(&alloc);
                FileRead(&r, &back);
                ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&back), "X") == 0);
                StrDeinit(&back);
                FileClose(&r);
        StrPushBackR(&s, (char)0x4F); // multi-digit so StrLen(&hex)!=1 path
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0x01 0x4f") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&s);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
        StrPushBackR(&s, (char)0x05);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0x05") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&s);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
        Zstr s = "\x01\x4f";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0x01 0x4f") == 0);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
    }
        Zstr s = "\x05";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{x}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "0x05") == 0);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
    }
        Str              s     = StrInitFromZstr("hi", &alloc);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", s); // width 0 default
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "hi") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{5}", s);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{5}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "   hi") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&s);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Zstr             s     = "hi";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", s);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "hi") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{5}", s);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{5}", s);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "   hi") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        u64 v = 1234567890ULL;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1234567890") == 0);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
    }
        i64 v = -1234567890LL;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "-1234567890") == 0);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
    }
        u64              v     = 42;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "42") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", v);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "    42") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        i64              v     = -42;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "-42") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", v);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "   -42") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        MemCopy(&v, &bits, sizeof(v));
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "ABCDEFGH") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        f64              ninf  = -F64_INFINITY;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", ninf);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "-inf") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        f64 pinf = F64_INFINITY;
        f64 pinf = F64_INFINITY;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", pinf);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "inf") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        f64              v     = 1.5;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.500000") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        // explicit precision 2 to contrast.
        // explicit precision 2 to contrast.
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.2}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.50") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        f64 v = 2.71828;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "2.718280") == 0);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
    }
        f64              v     = 1.5;
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.1}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.5") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6.1}", v);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6.1}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "   1.5") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        Float            v     = FloatFromStr("12345.67", ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.234567e+04") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        Float w = FloatFromStr("0.001234", ab);
        Float w = FloatFromStr("0.001234", ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", w);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.234e-03") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        FloatDeinit(&w);
        Float            v     = FloatFromStr("1.0", ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1e+00") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Float            v     = FloatFromStr("2.0", ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "2e+00") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Float v = FloatFromStr("1234567890.012345", &dbg.base);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1234567890.012345") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
        Float            v     = FloatFromStr("3.14159", ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.2}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "3.14") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        // precision longer than frac pads with zeros.
        // precision longer than frac pads with zeros.
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.8}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "3.14159000") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Float            v     = FloatFromStr("5", ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{.3}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "5.000") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Float v = FloatFromStr("12345.67", &dbg.base);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{e}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.234567e+04") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
        Float            v     = FloatFromStr("1.5", ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "1.5") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", v);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "   1.5") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "AB");
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{>6}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "   AB1.5") == 0);
        FloatDeinit(&v);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        BitVec bv = BitVecFromStr("10110", &dbg.base);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", bv);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "10110") == 0);
        BitVecDeinit(&bv);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
        BitVec           bv    = BitVecFromStr("101", ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", bv);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "101") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", bv);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", bv);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "   101") == 0);
        BitVecDeinit(&bv);
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Int v = IntFromStr("123456789012345678901234567890", &dbg.base);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "123456789012345678901234567890") == 0);
        IntDeinit(&v);
        return ok && dbg_no_leak(&dbg, &out);
        Int              v     = IntFrom(42, ab);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{}", v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "42") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", v);
        StrClear(&out);
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{6}", v);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "    42") == 0);
        IntDeinit(&v);
        StrDeinit(&out);
            z = "Allocator-backed";
            StrReadFmt(z, "{s}", ZstrIO(zs, alloc_base));
            success = success && (ZstrCompare(zs, "Allocator-backed") == 0);
    
            z = "\"Allocator-backed replacement\"";
            z = "\"Allocator-backed replacement\"";
            StrReadFmt(z, "{s}", ZstrIO(zs, alloc_base));
            success = success && (ZstrCompare(zs, "Allocator-backed replacement") == 0);
            zstr_deinit(&zs, alloc_base);
        }
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", bv1);
        Str result1 = BitVecToStr(&bv1);
        success     = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result1), "10110") == 0);
        WriteFmt(
            "Test 1 - Binary: {}, Success: {}\n",
            "Test 1 - Binary: {}, Success: {}\n",
            result1,
            (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result1), "10110") == 0) ? "true" : "false"
        );
        StrDeinit(&result1);
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", bv4);
        Str result4 = BitVecToStr(&bv4);
        success     = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result4), "1101") == 0);
        WriteFmt(
            "Test 4 - Whitespace: {}, Success: {}\n",
            "Test 4 - Whitespace: {}, Success: {}\n",
            result4,
            (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result4), "1101") == 0) ? "true" : "false"
        );
        StrDeinit(&result4);
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", bv5);
        Str result5 = BitVecToStr(&bv5);
        success     = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result5), "0") == 0);
        WriteFmt(
            "Test 5 - Zero: {}, Success: {}\n",
            "Test 5 - Zero: {}, Success: {}\n",
            result5,
            (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result5), "0") == 0) ? "true" : "false"
        );
        StrDeinit(&result5);
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", dec);
        dec_text = IntToStr(&dec);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dec_text), "123456789012345678901234567890") == 0);
    
        z = "deadbeefcafebabe1234";
        StrReadFmt(z, "{x}", hex);
        hex_text = IntToHexStr(&hex);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&hex_text), "deadbeefcafebabe1234") == 0);
    
        z = "10100011";
        StrReadFmt(z, "{b}", bin);
        bin_text = IntToBinary(&bin);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&bin_text), "10100011") == 0);
    
        z = "755";
        StrReadFmt(z, "{o}", oct);
        oct_text = IntToOctStr(&oct);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&oct_text), "755") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&dec_text);
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", dec);
        dec_text = FloatToStr(&dec);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dec_text), "1234567890.012345") == 0);
    
        z = "1.234567e+04";
        StrReadFmt(z, "{e}", sci);
        sci_text = FloatToStr(&sci);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&sci_text), "12345.67") == 0);
    
        z = "-0.00125";
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", neg);
        neg_text = FloatToStr(&neg);
        success  = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&neg_text), "-0.00125") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&dec_text);
    
        bool ok = StrAppendFmt(&out, "}}");
        ok      = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "}") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
    
        Zstr next = _read_ZstrAlloc(input, &fmt, &arg);
        bool ok   = (next != NULL) && out && (ZstrCompare(out, input) == 0);
    
        if (out) {
    
        Zstr next = _read_ZstrAlloc(input, NULL, &arg);
        bool ok   = (next != NULL) && out && (ZstrCompare(out, input) == 0);
    
        if (out) {
        StrAppendFmt(&output, "{c}", v);
    
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&output), "\\x1a\\xe0") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&output);
        Zstr b = "\x12";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", b);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\x12") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Zstr b = "\x90";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", b);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\x90") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Zstr b = "\xab";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", b);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\xab") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Zstr b = "\xcd";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", b);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\xcd") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Zstr b = "\xab";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{A}", b);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\xAB") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Zstr b = "\xcd";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{A}", b);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\xCD") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        Zstr lo_letter = "\x1b";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", lo_letter);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\x1b") == 0);
        StrClear(&out);
        Zstr hi_letter = "\xb1";
        StrAppendFmt(&out, "{c}", hi_letter);
        ok = ok && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&out), "\\xb1") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&out);
        StrReadFmt(in, "{}", f);
        Str  t  = FloatToStr(&f);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), expect) == 0);
        StrDeinit(&t);
        FloatDeinit(&f);
        // Unquoted, non-{s} read takes the whole input (whitespace only ends an
        // is_string field), so s is the full "hello world".
        bool ok = (out != NULL) && s && (ZstrCompare(s, "hello world") == 0);
        if (s)
            AllocatorFree(&dbg.base, s);
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", v);
        Str  t  = IntToStr(&v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), "12345") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&t);
        IntDeinit(&v);
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", v);
        Str  t  = IntToStr(&v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), "99") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&t);
        IntDeinit(&v);
        StrReadFmt(z, "{x}", v);
        Str  t  = IntToStr(&v);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), "255") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&t);
        IntDeinit(&v);
        // NULL; v unchanged (still 777).
        Str  t  = IntToStr(&v);
        bool ok = (out == NULL) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), "777") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&t);
        IntDeinit(&v);
        StrReadFmt(z, "{}", f);
        Str  t  = FloatToStr(&f);
        bool ok = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), "3.14159") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&t);
        FloatDeinit(&f);
        Zstr out = str_read_fmt(z, "{}", (TypeSpecificIO[]) {TO_TYPE_SPECIFIC_IO(Float, &f)}, 1);
        Str  t   = FloatToStr(&f);
        bool ok  = (out == NULL) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&t), "42") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&t);
        FloatDeinit(&f);
        // Test StrFind (Str * key) with match at end
        Zstr found1 = StrFind(&haystack, &needle1);
        bool result = (found1 != NULL && ZstrCompare(found1, "World") == 0);
    
        // Test StrFind (Str * key) with match at beginning
        // Test StrFind (Str * key) with match at beginning
        Zstr found2 = StrFind(&haystack, &needle2);
        result      = result && (found2 != NULL && ZstrCompare(found2, "Hello World") == 0);
    
        // Test StrFind (Str * key) with no match
        // Test StrFind (Zstr key)
        Zstr found4 = StrFind(&haystack, "World");
        result      = result && (found4 != NULL && ZstrCompare(found4, "World") == 0);
    
        // Test StrFind (Cstr key, key_len)
        Str s1 = StrInitFromZstr("Hello World", &alloc);
        StrReplace(&s1, "World", "Universe", 1);
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s1), "Hello Universe") == 0);
    
        // Test multiple replacements
        s1 = StrInitFromZstr("Hello Hello Hello", &alloc);
        StrReplace(&s1, "Hello", "Hi", 2);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s1), "Hi Hi Hello") == 0);
    
        // Test Cstr-form (fixed-length views) - use the full "World" string instead of just "Wo"
        s1 = StrInitFromZstr("Hello World", &alloc);
        StrReplace(&s1, "World", 5, "Universe", 8, 1);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s1), "Hello Universe") == 0);
    
        // Test Str-form
        Str replace = StrInitFromZstr("Universe", &alloc);
        StrReplace(&s1, &find, &replace, 1);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s1), "Hello Universe") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s1);
        bool result = (VecLen(&split) == 3);
        if (VecLen(&split) >= 3) {
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 0)), "Hello") == 0);
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 1)), "World") == 0);
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 2)), "Test") == 0);
        if (VecLen(&split) >= 3) {
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 0)), "Hello") == 0);
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 1)), "World") == 0);
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 2)), "Test") == 0);
        }
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 0)), "Hello") == 0);
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 1)), "World") == 0);
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(VecPtrAt(&split, 2)), "Test") == 0);
        }
            char     buffer1[10] = {0};
            MemCopy(buffer1, iter1->data, StrIterLength(iter1));
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(buffer1, "Hello") == 0);
    
            StrIter *iter2       = VecPtrAt(&iters, 1);
            char     buffer2[10] = {0};
            MemCopy(buffer2, iter2->data, StrIterLength(iter2));
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(buffer2, "World") == 0);
    
            StrIter *iter3       = VecPtrAt(&iters, 2);
            char     buffer3[10] = {0};
            MemCopy(buffer3, iter3->data, StrIterLength(iter3));
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(buffer3, "Test") == 0);
        }
        Str  s1       = StrInitFromZstr("  Hello  ", &alloc);
        Str  stripped = StrLStrip(&s1, NULL);
        bool result   = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&stripped), "Hello  ") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&stripped);
        // Test StrRStrip
        stripped = StrRStrip(&s1, NULL);
        result   = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&stripped), "  Hello") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&stripped);
        // Test StrStrip
        stripped = StrStrip(&s1, NULL);
        result   = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&stripped), "Hello") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&stripped);
    
        stripped = StrLStrip(&s1, "*");
        result   = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&stripped), "Hello***") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&stripped);
    
        stripped = StrRStrip(&s1, "*");
        result   = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&stripped), "***Hello") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&stripped);
    
        stripped = StrStrip(&s1, "*");
        result   = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&stripped), "Hello") == 0);
        StrDeinit(&stripped);
        Str  s        = StrInitFromZstr("x", &alloc);
        Str  stripped = StrStrip(&s, "*");
        bool result   = (StrLen(&stripped) == 1) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&stripped), "x") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&stripped);
    
        // Check that the string was reversed
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "olleH") == 0);
    
        // Test with an even-length string
    
        // Check that the string was reversed
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "dcba") == 0);
    
        // Test with a single-character string
    
        // Check that the string is unchanged
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "a") == 0);
    
        // Test with an empty string
    
        // Check that it's initialized correctly
        bool result = (StrLen(&s) == ZstrLen(test_str) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), test_str) == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        ValidateStr(&s);
    
        bool result = (StrLen(&s) == ZstrLen(test_str) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), test_str) == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that dst is initialized correctly
        bool result = (StrLen(&dst) == StrLen(&src) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dst), StrBegin(&src)) == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&src);
    
        // Check that dst is initialized correctly
        bool result = (StrLen(&dst) == StrLen(&src) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dst), StrBegin(&src)) == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&src);
    
        // Check that it's initialized correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello, World!") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
            ValidateStr(&stack_str);
    
            if (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&stack_str), "Hello, Stack!") != 0) {
                result = false;
            }
    
        // Check that the copy was successful
        bool result = (success && StrLen(&dst) == StrLen(&src) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dst), StrBegin(&src)) == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&src);
    
        bool result = copied && StrLen(&dup) == StrLen(&src) && StrLen(&dst) == StrLen(&src) &&
                      ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dup), StrBegin(&src)) == 0 &&
                      ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dst), StrBegin(&src)) == 0 && dup_allocator_matches && dst_allocator_matches;
        bool result = copied && StrLen(&dup) == StrLen(&src) && StrLen(&dst) == StrLen(&src) &&
                      ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dup), StrBegin(&src)) == 0 &&
                      ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&dst), StrBegin(&src)) == 0 && dup_allocator_matches && dst_allocator_matches;
    
        StrDeinit(&src);
    
        // Check that the character was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "He!llo") == 0);
    
        // Insert a character at the beginning
    
        // Check that the character was inserted correctly
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "?He!llo") == 0);
    
        // Insert a character at the end
    
        // Check that the character was inserted correctly
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "?He!llo.") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the string was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "He Worldllo") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the string was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "He Worldllo") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the string was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "He Worldllo") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the string was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "He Worldllo") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the string was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the string was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the string was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the string was inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the characters were inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the characters were inserted correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the strings were merged correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s1), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        // Check that s2 was reset - data should be NULL, length should be 0
    
        // Check that the strings were merged correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s1), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        // Check that s2 was not reset
    
        // Check that s2 was not reset
        result = result && (StrLen(&s2) == 6 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s2), " World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s1);
    
        // Check that the strings were merged correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s1), "Hello World") == 0);
    
        // s2 was zeroed on take per L-form contract
    
        // Check that the string was appended correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello World 2023") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        StrPushBackR(&s, 'o');
    
        bool result = (StrLen(&s) == 5 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
            Str *str2 = &VecAt(&sv, 1);
    
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(str1), "Hello") == 0);
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(str2), "World") == 0);
        }
    
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(str1), "Hello") == 0);
            result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(str2), "World") == 0);
        }
    
        // Check that the character was popped correctly
        bool result = (c == 'o' && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hell") == 0);
    
        // Pop another character without storing it - avoid passing NULL directly
    
        // Check that the character was removed
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hel") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the character was popped correctly
        bool result = (c == 'H' && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "ello") == 0);
    
        // Pop another character without storing it - avoid passing NULL directly
    
        // Check that the character was removed
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "llo") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the character was removed correctly
        bool result = (c == 'l' && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Helo") == 0);
    
        // Remove another character without storing it - avoid passing NULL directly
    
        // Check that the character was removed
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hlo") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the characters were removed correctly
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(buffer, " Worl") == 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hellod") == 0);
    
        // Remove another range without storing it - use a temporary buffer instead of NULL
    
        // Check that the characters were removed
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hell") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the character was deleted
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hell") == 0);
    
        // Delete another character
    
        // Check that the character was deleted
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hel") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the character was deleted
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Helo") == 0);
    
        // Delete another character
    
        // Check that the character was deleted
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hlo") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // Check that the characters were deleted
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello") == 0);
    
        // Delete another range
    
        // Check that the characters were deleted
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Heo") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        StrIntFormat config = {.base = 10, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromU64(&s, 12345, &config);
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "12345") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '12345', got '{}'\n", s);
        config = (StrIntFormat) {.base = 16, .uppercase = false, .use_prefix = true};
        StrFromU64(&s, 0xABCD, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0xabcd") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '0xabcd', got '{}'\n", s);
        config = (StrIntFormat) {.base = 16, .uppercase = true, .use_prefix = true};
        StrFromU64(&s, 0xABCD, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0xABCD") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '0xABCD', got '{}'\n", s);
        config = (StrIntFormat) {.base = 2, .uppercase = false, .use_prefix = true};
        StrFromU64(&s, 42, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0b101010") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '0b101010', got '{}'\n", s);
        config = (StrIntFormat) {.base = 8, .uppercase = false, .use_prefix = true};
        StrFromU64(&s, 42, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0o52") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '0o52', got '{}'\n", s);
        config = (StrIntFormat) {.base = 10, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromU64(&s, 0, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '0', got '{}'\n", s);
        StrIntFormat config = {.base = 10, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromI64(&s, 12345, &config);
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "12345") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '12345', got '{}'\n", StrBegin(&s));
        config = (StrIntFormat) {.base = 10, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromI64(&s, -12345, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "-12345") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '-12345', got '{}'\n", StrBegin(&s));
        config = (StrIntFormat) {.base = 10, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromI64(&s, 0, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '0', got '{}'\n", StrBegin(&s));
        config = (StrIntFormat) {.base = 2, .uppercase = false, .use_prefix = true};
        StrFromI64(&s, 42, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0b101010") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '0b101010', got '{}'\n", StrBegin(&s));
        StrFloatFormat config = {.precision = 2, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, 123.0, &config);
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "123.00") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '123.00', got '{}'\n", StrBegin(&s));
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 3, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, 123.456, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "123.456") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '123.456', got '{}'\n", StrBegin(&s));
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 3, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, -123.456, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "-123.456") == 0);
    
        // Test scientific notation (forced)
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 3, .force_sci = true, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, 123.456, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "1.235e+02") == 0);
    
        // Test scientific notation (uppercase)
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 3, .force_sci = true, .uppercase = true};
        StrFromF64(&s, 123.456, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "1.235E+02") == 0);
    
        // Test very small number (auto scientific notation)
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 3, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, 0.0000123, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "1.230e-05") == 0);
    
        // Test very large number (auto scientific notation)
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 2, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, 1234567890123.0, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "1.23e+12") == 0);
    
        // Test zero
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 2, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, 0.0, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0.00") == 0);
    
        // Test infinity
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 2, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, F64_INFINITY, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "inf") == 0);
    
        // Test negative infinity
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 2, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, -F64_INFINITY, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "-inf") == 0);
    
        // Test NaN
        config = (StrFloatFormat) {.precision = 2, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, F64_NAN, &config);
        result = result && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "nan") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        StrFromF64(&s, F64_NAN, &config);
    
        bool result = (StrLen(&s) == 3) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "nan") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected len 3 \"nan\", got len {} \"{}\"\n", StrLen(&s), StrBegin(&s));
        StrFromF64(&s, F64_INFINITY, &config);
    
        bool result = (StrLen(&s) == 3) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "inf") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected len 3 \"inf\", got len {} \"{}\"\n", StrLen(&s), StrBegin(&s));
        StrFromF64(&s, 0.0001, &config);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0.000100") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected \"0.000100\", got \"{}\"\n", StrBegin(&s));
        StrFromF64(&s, 1e7, &config);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "1.00e+07") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected \"1.00e+07\", got \"{}\"\n", StrBegin(&s));
        StrFromF64(&s, 5.0, &config);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "5e+00") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected \"5e+00\", got \"{}\"\n", StrBegin(&s));
        StrFromF64(&s, 5.0, &config);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "5.00e+00") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected \"5.00e+00\", got \"{}\"\n", StrBegin(&s));
        Str           *r      = StrFromF64(&s, 123.456, &config);
    
        bool result = (r == &s) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "1.23e+02") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected handle + \"1.23e+02\", got null={} \"{}\"\n", (r == NULL), StrBegin(&s));
        Str           *r      = StrFromF64(&s, 123.0, &config);
    
        bool result = (r == &s) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "123.00") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected handle + \"123.00\", got null={} \"{}\"\n", (r == NULL), StrBegin(&s));
        StrFromF64(&s, 123.0, &config);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "123") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected \"123\", got \"{}\"\n", StrBegin(&s));
        StrFromF64(&s, 123.456, &config);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "123.456") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected \"123.456\", got \"{}\"\n", StrBegin(&s));
        StrFromF64(&s, 0.1235, &config);
    
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "0.124") == 0);
        if (!result)
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected \"0.124\", got \"{}\"\n", StrBegin(&s));
        StrIntFormat config = {.base = 10, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromI64(&s, INT64_MIN, &config);
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "-9223372036854775808") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        StrFloatFormat config = {.precision = 1, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, 2.25, &config);
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2.3") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '2.3', got '{}'\n", StrBegin(&s));
        StrFloatFormat config = {.precision = 1, .force_sci = false, .uppercase = false};
        StrFromF64(&s, 2.25, &config);
        bool result = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "2.3") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: Expected '2.3', got '{}'\n", StrBegin(&s));
        Str         *ret    = StrFromU64(&s, 12345, &config);
    
        bool result = (ret == &s) && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "12345") == 0);
        if (!result) {
            WriteFmt("    FAIL: expected &s and '12345', got ret={} '{}'\n", (ret != NULL), s);
    
        // The result should be "H0e1l2l3o4"
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "H0e1l2l3o4") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        }
    
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "o4l3l2e1H0") == 0);
        WriteFmt("  (Index 0 was processed)\n");
    
        // The result should be "H0e1l2l3o4"
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "H0e1l2l3o4") == 0);
    
        // The original string should now be "HELLO" (all uppercase)
    
        // The original string should now be "HELLO" (all uppercase)
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLO") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        bool success = false;
        success      = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "o4l3l2e1H0") == 0);
        success      = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLO") == 0); // All uppercase
        WriteFmt("  (Index 0 was processed)\n");
        bool success = false;
        success      = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "o4l3l2e1H0") == 0);
        success      = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLO") == 0); // All uppercase
        WriteFmt("  (Index 0 was processed)\n");
    
        // The result should be "Hello"
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "Hello") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        bool success = false;
        if (char_count == StrLen(&s)) {
            success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "olleH") == 0);
            WriteFmt("  (All characters were processed)\n");
        } else {
            WriteFmt("  (All characters were processed)\n");
        } else {
            success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "olle") == 0);
            WriteFmt("  (First character was NOT processed - bug in macro)\n");
        }
    
        // The result should be "Hello" (original values before modification)
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "Hello") == 0);
    
        // The original string should now be "HELLO" (all uppercase)
    
        // The original string should now be "HELLO" (all uppercase)
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLO") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        bool success = false;
        if (char_count == StrLen(&s)) {
            success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "olleH") == 0);
            success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLO") == 0); // All uppercase
            WriteFmt("  (All characters were processed)\n");
        if (char_count == StrLen(&s)) {
            success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "olleH") == 0);
            success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLO") == 0); // All uppercase
            WriteFmt("  (All characters were processed)\n");
        } else {
            WriteFmt("  (All characters were processed)\n");
        } else {
            success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "olle") == 0);
            success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLo") == 0); // All uppercase except first char
            WriteFmt("  (First character was NOT processed - bug in macro)\n");
        } else {
            success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "olle") == 0);
            success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLo") == 0); // All uppercase except first char
            WriteFmt("  (First character was NOT processed - bug in macro)\n");
        }
    
        // The result should be "W6o7r8l9d10" (characters from index 6-10 with their indices)
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "W6o7r8l9d10") == 0);
    
        // Test with empty range
    
        // The result should be "Hello" (first 5 characters)
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "Hello") == 0);
    
        // Test with range at the end of the string
    
        // The end_result should be "World" (last 5 characters)
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&end_result), "World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // The result should be "W6o7r8l9d10" (characters from index 6-10 with their indices)
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "W6o7r8l9d10") == 0);
    
        // The original string should now have "WORLD" in uppercase
    
        // The original string should now have "WORLD" in uppercase
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "Hello WORLD") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        // The result should be "Hello" (first 5 characters)
        bool success = (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&result), "Hello") == 0);
    
        // The original string should now have "HELLO" in uppercase
    
        // The original string should now have "HELLO" in uppercase
        success = success && (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "HELLO World") == 0);
    
        StrDeinit(&s);
        result       = result && (MapValueCountForKey(&map, "alpha") == 2);
        stored_value = MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "alpha");
        result       = result && stored_value && (*stored_value != value) && (ZstrCompare(*stored_value, "first") == 0);
        MapForeachValueForKey(&map, "alpha", entry_value) {
            if ((ZstrCompare(entry_value, "first") == 0) || (ZstrCompare(entry_value, "second") == 0)) {
        result       = result && stored_value && (*stored_value != value) && (ZstrCompare(*stored_value, "first") == 0);
        MapForeachValueForKey(&map, "alpha", entry_value) {
            if ((ZstrCompare(entry_value, "first") == 0) || (ZstrCompare(entry_value, "second") == 0)) {
                value_count += 1;
            }
                      (MapPolicy(&map).should_rehash == MapPolicyQuadratic.should_rehash);
        result = result && (MapValueCountForKey(&map, "red") == 2);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "red") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "red"), "apple") == 0);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "yellow") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "yellow"), "banana") == 0);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "green") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "green"), "pear") == 0);
        result = result && (MapValueCountForKey(&map, "red") == 2);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "red") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "red"), "apple") == 0);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "yellow") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "yellow"), "banana") == 0);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "green") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "green"), "pear") == 0);
        MapForeachValueForKey(&map, "red", red_value) {
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "red") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "red"), "apple") == 0);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "yellow") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "yellow"), "banana") == 0);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "green") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "green"), "pear") == 0);
        MapForeachValueForKey(&map, "red", red_value) {
            if ((ZstrCompare(red_value, "apple") == 0) || (ZstrCompare(red_value, "cherry") == 0)) {
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "green") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "green"), "pear") == 0);
        MapForeachValueForKey(&map, "red", red_value) {
            if ((ZstrCompare(red_value, "apple") == 0) || (ZstrCompare(red_value, "cherry") == 0)) {
                red_count += 1;
            }
        MapInsertR(&map, "alpha", "first");
        result = result && (MapPairCount(&map) == 1);
        result = result && MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "alpha") && (ZstrCompare(*MapGetFirstPtr(&map, "alpha"), "first") == 0);
    
        MapDeinit(&map);
        custom_policy.max_probe_count = 0;
    
        bool result = ZstrCompare(MapPolicy(&map).name, "custom-linear") == 0 &&
                      MapPolicy(&map).should_rehash == custom_should_rehash_snapshot &&
                      MapPolicy(&map).next_capacity == custom_next_capacity &&
    
        bool result = MapKeyHash(&map) == i32_hash && MapKeyCompare(&map) == i32_compare &&
                      MapValueCompare(&map) == i32_compare && ZstrCompare(MapPolicy(&map).name, "vcmp-policy") == 0 &&
                      MapPolicy(&map).should_rehash == custom_should_rehash_snapshot &&
                      MapPolicy(&map).next_capacity == custom_next_capacity &&
        u32       offset      = 0;
        bool      ok          = PdbCacheResolve(&cache, (Zstr)pe_path, module_base, ip, &name, &offset);
        ok                    = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "winproc") == 0 && offset == 0;
    
        // Second resolution should hit the cache (not strictly verifiable
        offset        = 0;
        ok            = ok && PdbCacheResolve(&cache, (Zstr)pe_path, module_base, ip2, &name, &offset);
        ok            = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "winproc") == 0 && offset == 0x10;
    
        PdbCacheDeinit(&cache);
            u32       off   = 0;
            ok              = PdbCacheResolve(&cache, pe_name, mbase, mbase + 0x1100, &name, &off);
            ok              = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "winproc") == 0 && off == 0;
            PdbCacheDeinit(&cache);
        }
            size after = DebugAllocatorLiveCount(&alloc);
    
            ok = ra && rb && rb2 && name2 && ZstrCompare(name2, "winproc") == 0 && after == mid;
    
            PdbCacheDeinit(&cache);
            // ip exactly at module_base -> RVA 0 -> resolves under real `<`.
            ok = PdbCacheResolve(&cache, (Zstr)pe_path, mbase, mbase, &name, &off);
            ok = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "winzero") == 0 && off == 0;
            PdbCacheDeinit(&cache);
        }
            u32       off   = 0;
            ok              = PdbCacheResolve(&cache, (Zstr)pe_path, mbase, mbase + 0xFFFFFFFFull, &name, &off);
            ok              = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "winmax") == 0 && off == 0;
            PdbCacheDeinit(&cache);
        }
            u32       off   = 0;
            ok              = PdbCacheResolve(&cache, (Zstr)pe_path, mbase, mbase + 0x1100, &name, &off);
            ok              = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "winproc") == 0 && off == 0;
            PdbCacheDeinit(&cache);
        }
            bool      ra    = PdbCacheResolve(&cache, (Zstr)a_pe, mbase, mbase + 0x1100, &na, &off);
            bool      rb    = PdbCacheResolve(&cache, (Zstr)b_pe, mbase, mbase + 0x1100, &nb, &off);
            ok              = ra && rb && na && nb && ZstrCompare(na, "aproc") == 0 && ZstrCompare(nb, "bproc") == 0;
            PdbCacheDeinit(&cache);
        }
        }
        Str  s  = SocketAddrFormat(ad, a);
        bool ok = (StrLen(&s) > 0) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), expect) == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
        return ok;
        }
        Str  s  = SocketAddrFormat(ad, a);
        bool ok = (StrLen(&s) > 0) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), expect) == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
        return ok;
    static const HostsEntry *find_host(HostsTable *t, Zstr name) {
        VecForeachPtr(t, e) {
            if (StrLen(&e->name) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&e->name), name) == 0) {
                return e;
            }
        }
        Str  s  = SocketAddrFormat(VecPtrAt(&r->nameservers, i), a);
        bool ok = (StrLen(&s) > 0) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), expect) == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
        return ok;
        if (ok) {
            Str s = SocketAddrFormat(VecPtrAt(&out, 0), a);
            ok    = (StrLen(&s) > 0) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "203.0.113.7:9999") == 0;
            StrDeinit(&s);
        }
        if (ok) {
            Str s = SocketAddrFormat(VecPtrAt(&out, 0), a);
            ok    = (StrLen(&s) > 0) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "[::1]:443") == 0;
            StrDeinit(&s);
        }
        if (ok) {
            Str s = SocketAddrFormat(&one, a);
            ok    = (StrLen(&s) > 0) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "127.0.0.1:80") == 0;
            StrDeinit(&s);
        }
    
        const HostsEntry *e = find_host(&r.hosts, "localhost");
        bool ok = VecLen(&r.hosts) == 1 && host_v4_is(e, 127, 0, 0, 1) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&e->name), "localhost") == 0;
    
        drop_temp(&path);
    
        const HostsEntry *e = find_host(&r.hosts, "namex");
        bool ok = VecLen(&r.hosts) == 1 && host_v4_is(e, 10, 0, 0, 2) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&e->name), "namex") == 0;
    
        drop_temp(&path);
    
        const HostsEntry *e = find_host(&r.hosts, "@az[`m");
        bool ok = VecLen(&r.hosts) == 1 && host_v4_is(e, 10, 1, 1, 2) && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&e->name), "@az[`m") == 0;
    
        drop_temp(&path);
            }
            Str rendered = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, alloc_base);
            ok           = ok && StrLen(&rendered) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&rendered), "127.0.0.1:8080") == 0;
            StrDeinit(&rendered);
        }
            }
            Str rendered = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, alloc_base);
            ok           = ok && StrLen(&rendered) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&rendered), "[::1]:8080") == 0;
            StrDeinit(&rendered);
        }
        if (ok) {
            Str r = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
            ok    = StrLen(&r) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r), expect) == 0;
            StrDeinit(&r);
        }
    
        Str s = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
        ok    = ok && StrLen(&s) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "1.2.3.4:80") == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        Str s = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
        ok    = ok && StrLen(&s) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "10.0.0.1:4660") == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        Str s = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
        ok    = ok && StrLen(&s) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "[2001:db8::1]:443") == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        Str s = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
        ok    = ok && StrLen(&s) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "[::1]:8080") == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
    
        Str s = SocketAddrFormat(&local, a);
        ok    = ok && StrLen(&s) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&s), "127.0.0.1:4660") == 0;
        StrDeinit(&s);
            ok            = ok && ZstrCompareN(rendered, "127.0.0.1:", 10u) == 0;
            // a real ephemeral port is non-zero: last char is not ":0\0"
            ok = ok && ZstrCompare(rendered, "127.0.0.1:0") != 0;
        }
        StrDeinit(&s);
        // must start with the loopback host and a colon, then a non-"0" port.
        ok = ok && local.family == SOCKET_FAMILY_INET;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&rendered), "127.0.0.1:0") != 0;
        // host portion must be exactly the loopback address.
        Zstr r = StrBegin(&rendered);
            if (p) {
                Str r = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
                ok    = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r), "127.0.0.1:65535") == 0;
                StrDeinit(&r);
            }
            if (p) {
                Str r = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
                ok    = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r), "127.0.0.1:0") == 0;
                StrDeinit(&r);
            }
            if (p) {
                Str r = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
                ok    = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r), "1.2.3.4:4660") == 0;
                StrDeinit(&r);
            }
        if (p) {
            Str r = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
            ok    = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r), "1.2.3.4:4660") == 0;
            StrDeinit(&r);
        }
            if (p) {
                Str r = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
                ok    = ok && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r), "[::1]:4660") == 0;
                StrDeinit(&r);
            }
        if (ok) {
            Str r = SocketAddrFormat(&addr, a);
            ok    = StrLen(&r) > 0 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r), expect) == 0;
            StrDeinit(&r);
        }
        u32       offset     = 0;
        bool      ok         = MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, slide, runtime_ip, &name, &offset);
        ok                   = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "real_main_proc") == 0 && offset == 0x10;
    
        MachoCacheDeinit(&cache);
        u32       offset     = 0;
        bool      ok         = MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, slide, runtime_ip, &name, &offset);
        ok                   = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "dsym_only_fn") == 0 && offset == 0x8;
    
        MachoCacheDeinit(&cache);
        const u64  runtime_ip = 0x100000100ull + 0x10 + slide;
        bool       resolved   = MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, slide, runtime_ip, &name, &offset);
        ok                    = ok && resolved && name && ZstrCompare(name, "real_main_proc") == 0 && offset == 0x10;
    
        // Cache now holds allocations; live count must have grown.
        u32        offset   = 0;
        bool       resolved = MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, 0, 0x100000208ull, &name, &offset);
        ok                  = ok && resolved && name && ZstrCompare(name, "dsym_only_fn") == 0 && offset == 0x8;
        ok                  = ok && DebugAllocatorLiveCount(&dbg) > baseline;
        // file-relative VA low+0x20 -> 0x20 into the function.
        bool resolved = MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, 0, low + 0x20, &name, &offset);
        ok            = ok && resolved && name && ZstrCompare(name, fn_name) == 0 && offset == 0x20;
        ok            = ok && DebugAllocatorLiveCount(&dbg) > baseline;
        const u64 eq = 0x9000;
        ok           = ok && MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, eq, eq, &name, &off);
        ok           = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "fn_at_zero") == 0 && off == 0;
    
        MachoCacheDeinit(&cache);
        // Str overload -> macho_cache_resolve_str -> macho_cache_resolve_zstr.
        ok = ok && MachoCacheResolve(&cache, &mod, 0, 0x100000110ull, &name, &off);
        ok = ok && name && ZstrCompare(name, "str_fn") == 0 && off == 0x10;
    
        // Negative delegation: an address far outside any symbol must come
        u32        offset   = 0;
        bool       resolved = MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, 0, low + 0x20, &name, &offset);
        ok                  = ok && resolved && name && ZstrCompare(name, fn_name) == 0 && offset == 0x20;
    
        MachoCacheDeinit(&cache);
        u32  off1  = 0;
        ok         = ok && MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, 0, low + 0x10, &name1, &off1);
        ok         = ok && name1 && ZstrCompare(name1, fn_name) == 0 && off1 == 0x10;
    
        // Second resolve hits the cached entry: dsym already open, dwarf already
        u32  off2  = 0;
        ok         = ok && MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, 0, low + 0x30, &name2, &off2);
        ok         = ok && name2 && ZstrCompare(name2, fn_name) == 0 && off2 == 0x30;
        ok         = ok && VecLen(&cache.entries) == 1;
        u32        offset   = 0;
        bool       resolved = MachoCacheResolve(&cache, bin_path, 0, low + 0x14, &name, &offset);
        ok                  = ok && resolved && name && ZstrCompare(name, fn_name) == 0 && offset == 0x14;
        ok                  = ok && DebugAllocatorLiveCount(&dbg) > baseline;
        // Both module paths are the same backing file.
        ok = ok && ra.module_path && rb.module_path;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(ra.module_path, rb.module_path) == 0;
    
        SymbolResolverDeinit(&res);
                const ProcMapEntry *m = VecPtrAt(&maps.entries, i);
                if (m->path && m->path[0] == '/' && (m->perms & PROC_MAP_PERM_EXEC) &&
                    ZstrCompare(m->path, self_path) != 0) {
                    *out_addr = m->start;
                    got       = true;
    
        ok = ok && live2 == live1;                                   // no re-open
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(ra.module_path, rb.module_path) == 0; // same module file
    
        SymbolResolverDeinit(&res);
    
        ok = ok && live2 == live1;                                   // fallback hit, no re-open
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(rc.module_path, rd.module_path) == 0; // same module file
    
        SymbolResolverDeinit(&res);
        size live2 = DebugAllocatorLiveCount(&alloc);
    
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(ro.module_path, ra.module_path) != 0; // distinct module
        ok = ok && live2 > live1;                                    // second module was opened
    
        ok = ok && live2 == live1;                                   // hit on entry[1], no re-open
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(r1.module_path, r2.module_path) == 0; // same module
    
        SymbolResolverDeinit(&res);
        ResolvedSymbol ro;
        ok = ok && SymbolResolverResolve(&res, (void *)other, &ro) && ro.module_path;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(ra.module_path, ro.module_path) != 0; // two distinct cache entries
    
        SymbolResolverDeinit(&res);
            for (u64 i = 0; i < VecLen(&maps.entries); ++i) {
                const ProcMapEntry *m = VecPtrAt(&maps.entries, i);
                if (m->path && ZstrCompare(m->path, path) == 0 && (m->perms & PROC_MAP_PERM_WRITE) && addr >= m->start &&
                    addr < m->end) {
                    *map_start       = m->start;
        ok = pe.machine == PE_MACHINE_X86_64 && pe.is_pe32_plus && pe.image_base == 0x140000000ull;
        ok = ok && VecLen(&pe.sections) == 1;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 0)->name, ".debug") == 0;
        ok = ok && VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 0)->virtual_address == SECTION_VA;
        ok = ok && pe.codeview.present;
        ok = ok && pe.codeview.age == 0x2a;
        ok = ok && MemCompare(pe.codeview.guid, kGuid, 16) == 0;
        ok = ok && pe.codeview.pdb_path && ZstrCompare(pe.codeview.pdb_path, kPdbPath) == 0;
    
        PeDeinit(&pe);
        ok      = ok && MemCompare(pe.codeview.guid, kGuid, 16) == 0;
        ok      = ok && pe.codeview.age == CV_AGE;
        ok      = ok && pe.codeview.pdb_path && ZstrCompare(pe.codeview.pdb_path, kPdbPath) == 0;
        PeDeinit(&pe);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
            return false;
        }
        bool ok = pe.codeview.present == true && ZstrCompare(pe.codeview.pdb_path, "ABCD") == 0;
        PeDeinit(&pe);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
            return false;
        }
        bool ok = pe.codeview.present == true && pe.codeview.age == CV_AGE && ZstrCompare(pe.codeview.pdb_path, "") == 0;
        PeDeinit(&pe);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
    
        bool ok = VecLen(&pe.sections) == 2;
        ok      = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 0)->name, ".text") == 0;
        ok      = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 1)->name, ".rdata") == 0;
        ok      = ok && VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 0)->virtual_address == 0x1000;
        bool ok = VecLen(&pe.sections) == 2;
        ok      = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 0)->name, ".text") == 0;
        ok      = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 1)->name, ".rdata") == 0;
        ok      = ok && VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 0)->virtual_address == 0x1000;
        ok      = ok && VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 1)->virtual_address == 0x2000;
        bool             ok = VecLen(&pe.sections) == 1;
        ok                  = ok && ZstrLen(s->name) == 8;
        ok                  = ok && ZstrCompare(s->name, "ABCDEFGH") == 0;
        PeDeinit(&pe);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        if (ok) {
            ok = pe.machine == PE_MACHINE_X86_64 && VecLen(&pe.sections) == 1 &&
                 ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&pe.sections, 0)->name, ".text") == 0;
            PeDeinit(&pe);
        }
            DnsRecord *r0 = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            match         = r0->type == DNS_TYPE_A && r0->ttl == 300 && r0->ipv4[0] == 93 && r0->ipv4[1] == 184 &&
                    r0->ipv4[2] == 216 && r0->ipv4[3] == 34 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r0->name), "example.com") == 0;
        }
        if (match) {
        if (match) {
            DnsRecord *r = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            match        = r->type == DNS_TYPE_CNAME && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r->target), "example.com") == 0;
        }
            DnsRecord *r = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            match        = r->type == DNS_TYPE_A && r->ttl == 300 && r->ipv4[0] == 0x0a && r->ipv4[1] == 0x0b &&
                    r->ipv4[2] == 0x0c && r->ipv4[3] == 0x0d && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r->name), "www.example.com") == 0;
        }
        if (match) {
            DnsRecord *r = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            match        = r->type == DNS_TYPE_A && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r->name), "zz") == 0;
        }
            DnsRecord *r = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            match =
                r->type == DNS_TYPE_A && r->ttl == 2 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r->name), "abc.de") == 0 && r->ipv4[0] == 9;
        }
            match        = r->type == DNS_TYPE_A && r->rclass == 1 && r->ttl == 0x01020304u && r->ipv4[0] == 8 &&
                    r->ipv4[1] == 8 && r->ipv4[2] == 4 && r->ipv4[3] == 4 && r->ipv6[0] == 0 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r->name), "a") == 0;
            // rdata raw stash must equal the 4 IP bytes.
            match = match && BufLength(&r->rdata) == 4 && BufData(&r->rdata)[0] == 8 && BufData(&r->rdata)[1] == 8 &&
            DnsRecord *r0 = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            DnsRecord *r1 = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 1);
            match = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r0->name), "x") == 0 && r0->ttl == 1 && r0->ipv4[0] == 1 && r0->ipv4[3] == 4 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r1->name), "y") == 0 && r1->ttl == 2 && r1->ipv4[0] == 5 && r1->ipv4[3] == 8;
        }
            DnsRecord *r1 = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 1);
            match = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r0->name), "x") == 0 && r0->ttl == 1 && r0->ipv4[0] == 1 && r0->ipv4[3] == 4 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r1->name), "y") == 0 && r1->ttl == 2 && r1->ipv4[0] == 5 && r1->ipv4[3] == 8;
        }
            DnsRecord *ns = VecPtrAt(&resp.authority, 0);
            DnsRecord *ar = VecPtrAt(&resp.additional, 0);
            match         = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&an->name), "an") == 0 && an->ipv4[0] == 11 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&ns->name), "ns") == 0 && ns->ipv4[0] == 22 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&ar->name), "ad") == 0 && ar->ipv4[0] == 33;
            DnsRecord *ar = VecPtrAt(&resp.additional, 0);
            match         = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&an->name), "an") == 0 && an->ipv4[0] == 11 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&ns->name), "ns") == 0 && ns->ipv4[0] == 22 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&ar->name), "ad") == 0 && ar->ipv4[0] == 33;
        }
            match         = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&an->name), "an") == 0 && an->ipv4[0] == 11 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&ns->name), "ns") == 0 && ns->ipv4[0] == 22 &&
                    ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&ar->name), "ad") == 0 && ar->ipv4[0] == 33;
        }
        if (match) {
            DnsRecord *r = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            match        = ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r->name), "q") == 0 && r->ipv4[0] == 9 && r->ttl == 5;
        }
        if (match) {
            DnsRecord *r = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            match        = r->type == DNS_TYPE_CNAME && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r->target), "to") == 0;
        }
        if (match) {
            DnsRecord *r = VecPtrAt(&resp.answers, 0);
            match        = r->type == DNS_TYPE_A && r->ttl == 7 && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&r->name), "zz") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            ok                   = ok && f->rva == 0x1100 && f->name && ZstrCompare(f->name, "my_function") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *f = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x1100);
            ok                   = f && ZstrCompare(f->name, "my_function") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            const PdbFunction *f2 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 2);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_alpha") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_beta") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f2->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f2->name, "fn_gamma") == 0;
            const PdbFunction *f2 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 2);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_alpha") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_beta") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f2->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f2->name, "fn_gamma") == 0;
        }
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_alpha") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_beta") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f2->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f2->name, "fn_gamma") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *b = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x1200);
            const PdbFunction *c = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x1300);
            ok                   = ok && a && ZstrCompare(a->name, "fn_alpha") == 0;
            ok                   = ok && b && ZstrCompare(b->name, "fn_beta") == 0;
            ok                   = ok && c && ZstrCompare(c->name, "fn_gamma") == 0;
            const PdbFunction *c = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x1300);
            ok                   = ok && a && ZstrCompare(a->name, "fn_alpha") == 0;
            ok                   = ok && b && ZstrCompare(b->name, "fn_beta") == 0;
            ok                   = ok && c && ZstrCompare(c->name, "fn_gamma") == 0;
        }
            ok                   = ok && a && ZstrCompare(a->name, "fn_alpha") == 0;
            ok                   = ok && b && ZstrCompare(b->name, "fn_beta") == 0;
            ok                   = ok && c && ZstrCompare(c->name, "fn_gamma") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *mid_a = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x11FF); // inside alpha
            const PdbFunction *mid_b = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x12AB); // inside beta
            ok                       = ok && mid_a && ZstrCompare(mid_a->name, "fn_alpha") == 0;
            ok                       = ok && mid_b && ZstrCompare(mid_b->name, "fn_beta") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *mid_b = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x12AB); // inside beta
            ok                       = ok && mid_a && ZstrCompare(mid_a->name, "fn_alpha") == 0;
            ok                       = ok && mid_b && ZstrCompare(mid_b->name, "fn_beta") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f2 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 2);
            const PdbFunction *f3 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 3);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_one") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_two") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f2->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f2->name, "fn_three") == 0;
            const PdbFunction *f3 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 3);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_one") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_two") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f2->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f2->name, "fn_three") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f3->rva == 0x5100 && ZstrCompare(f3->name, "fn_four") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_one") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_two") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f2->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f2->name, "fn_three") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f3->rva == 0x5100 && ZstrCompare(f3->name, "fn_four") == 0;
        }
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_two") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f2->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f2->name, "fn_three") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f3->rva == 0x5100 && ZstrCompare(f3->name, "fn_four") == 0;
        }
            for (size i = 0; i < VecLen(&pdb.functions); ++i) {
                const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, i);
                if (ZstrCompare(f->name, "data_sym") == 0) {
                    ok = false;
                    break;
            const PdbFunction *f0 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1040 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "in_text") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x8010 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "in_rdata") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1040 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "in_text") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x8010 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "in_rdata") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *r = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x8010);
            ok                   = r && ZstrCompare(r->name, "in_rdata") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *t = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x1040);
            ok                   = t && ZstrCompare(t->name, "in_text") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f0 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "valid_fn") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "valid_fn2") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "valid_fn") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1200 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "valid_fn2") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
            for (size i = 0; i < VecLen(&pdb.functions); ++i) {
                const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, i);
                if (ZstrCompare(f->name, "bad_seg_fn") == 0) {
                    ok = false;
                    break;
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *mid = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x12FF);
            ok                     = mid && ZstrCompare(mid->name, "fn_a") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *atb = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x1300);
            ok                     = atb && ZstrCompare(atb->name, "fn_b") == 0;
        }
        // Trailing function: any rva >= its start resolves to it.
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *tail = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x9999);
            ok                      = tail && ZstrCompare(tail->name, "fn_c") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *first = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            const PdbFunction *last  = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 4);
            ok                       = ok && first->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(first->name, "a") == 0;
            ok                       = ok && last->rva == 0x1500 && ZstrCompare(last->name, "e") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *last  = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 4);
            ok                       = ok && first->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(first->name, "a") == 0;
            ok                       = ok && last->rva == 0x1500 && ZstrCompare(last->name, "e") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f0 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_keep") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_keep2") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_keep") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x1300 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_keep2") == 0;
        }
        // No all-'A' garbage name leaked in from the unterminated record.
            for (size i = 0; i < VecLen(&pdb.functions); ++i) {
                const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, i);
                if (ZstrCompare(f->name, "AAAAAAAA") == 0) {
                    ok = false;
                    break;
            const PdbFunction *f0 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x2050u && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_low") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0xFFFFFFFFu && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_max") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1);
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x2050u && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "fn_low") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0xFFFFFFFFu && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "fn_max") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
            for (size i = 0; i < VecLen(&pdb.functions); ++i) {
                const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, i);
                if (ZstrCompare(f->name, "fn_ovf") == 0) {
                    ok = false;
                    break;
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *r = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x2050);
            ok                   = r && ZstrCompare(r->name, "fn_low") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f0 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0); // rva 0x2000
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1); // rva 0x3000
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x2000 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "second_block_function") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x3000 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "straddling_boundary_function") == 0;
        }
            const PdbFunction *f1 = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 1); // rva 0x3000
            ok                    = ok && f0->rva == 0x2000 && ZstrCompare(f0->name, "second_block_function") == 0;
            ok                    = ok && f1->rva == 0x3000 && ZstrCompare(f1->name, "straddling_boundary_function") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *f = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x3000);
            ok                   = f && ZstrCompare(f->name, "straddling_boundary_function") == 0;
        }
    
        const PdbFunction *first = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x2000);
        ok                       = first && ZstrCompare(first->name, "second_block_function") == 0;
        ok                       = ok && PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x1FFF) == NULL; // below first
        // Interior of the second-block function resolves to it (greatest
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *mid = PdbResolveRva(&pdb, 0x2500);
            ok                     = mid && ZstrCompare(mid->name, "second_block_function") == 0;
        }
            if (ok) {
                const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
                ok                   = f->rva == 0x6010 && ZstrCompare(f->name, "sixth") == 0;
            }
            PdbDeinit(&pdb);
            if (ok) {
                const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
                ok                   = f->rva == 0x1040 && ZstrCompare(f->name, "good") == 0;
            }
            PdbDeinit(&pdb);
            if (ok) {
                const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
                ok                   = f->rva == 0x1010 && ZstrCompare(f->name, "named_fn") == 0;
            }
            PdbDeinit(&pdb);
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            ok                   = f->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f->name, "deepblk") == 0;
        }
        PdbDeinit(&pdb);
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            ok                   = f->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f->name, "deepfn") == 0;
        }
        if (opened)
        if (ok) {
            const PdbFunction *f = VecPtrAt(&pdb.functions, 0);
            ok                   = f->rva == 0x1100 && ZstrCompare(f->name, "fn") == 0;
        }
        if (opened)
            ok                    = e->start == 0x1000ULL && e->end == 0x2000ULL && e->file_offset == 0xdeadULL &&
                 e->perms == (u32)(PROC_MAP_PERM_READ | PROC_MAP_PERM_EXEC | PROC_MAP_PERM_PRIVATE) &&
                 ZstrCompare(e->path, "/x/y") == 0;
        }
        if (ok) {
            const ProcMapEntry *e = VecPtrAt(&m.entries, 0);
            ok                    = e->start == 0x3000ULL && e->end == 0x4000ULL && ZstrCompare(e->path, "/good") == 0;
        }
            const ProcMapEntry *e = ProcMapsFindByAddr(&m, 0xdeadbeef050ULL);
            ok                    = e != NULL && e->start == 0xdeadbeef000ULL && e->end == 0xdeadbeef100ULL &&
                 ZstrCompare(e->path, "/late") == 0;
            ProcMapsDeinit(&m);
        }
    
        bool ok = (next != raw) && (req.method == HTTP_REQUEST_METHOD_GET) && (StrLen(&req.url) == 11) &&
                  (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&req.url), "/index.html") == 0) && (VecLen(&req.headers) == 2) &&
                  (ZstrCompare(next, "body-bytes") == 0);
        bool ok = (next != raw) && (req.method == HTTP_REQUEST_METHOD_GET) && (StrLen(&req.url) == 11) &&
                  (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&req.url), "/index.html") == 0) && (VecLen(&req.headers) == 2) &&
                  (ZstrCompare(next, "body-bytes") == 0);
    
        HttpHeader *host = HttpHeadersFind(&req.headers, "Host");
    
        HttpHeader *host = HttpHeadersFind(&req.headers, "Host");
        ok               = ok && host && ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&host->value), "example.com") == 0;
    
        HttpRequestDeinit(&req);
        ok = ok && (res != NULL) && (response.status_code == HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE_OK) &&
             (response.content_type == HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN) && (StrLen(&response.body) == ZstrLen(payload)) &&
             (ZstrCompare(StrBegin(&response.body), payload) == 0);
    
        FileRemove(StrBegin(&path));
        ok = ok && m.has_uuid && MemCompare(m.uuid, kUuid, 16) == 0;
        ok = ok && VecLen(&m.segments) == 1;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.segments, 0)->name, "__TEXT") == 0;
        ok = ok && VecLen(&m.sections) == 1;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->section, "__text") == 0;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.segments, 0)->name, "__TEXT") == 0;
        ok = ok && VecLen(&m.sections) == 1;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->section, "__text") == 0;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->segment, "__TEXT") == 0;
        ok = ok && VecLen(&m.symbols) == 1;
        ok = ok && VecLen(&m.sections) == 1;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->section, "__text") == 0;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->segment, "__TEXT") == 0;
        ok = ok && VecLen(&m.symbols) == 1;
        ok = ok && VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0)->name && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0)->name, "my_function") == 0;
        ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->segment, "__TEXT") == 0;
        ok = ok && VecLen(&m.symbols) == 1;
        ok = ok && VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0)->name && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0)->name, "my_function") == 0;
        ok = ok && VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0)->value == 0x100000010ull;
        // Address at the function start.
        const MachoSymbol *s  = MachoResolveAddress(&m, 0x100000010ull);
        bool               ok = s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "my_function") == 0;
    
        // Address just past the start, still inside the function body.
        // Address just past the start, still inside the function body.
        s  = MachoResolveAddress(&m, 0x100000020ull);
        ok = ok && s && ZstrCompare(s->name, "my_function") == 0;
    
        // Address below the symbol value: no match.
        ok       = ok && VecLen(&m.symbols) == 1;
        if (VecLen(&m.symbols) == 1)
            ok = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0)->name, "fn_a") == 0;
        if (ok)
            MachoDeinit(&m);
            const MachoSymbol *s0 = VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0);
            const MachoSymbol *s1 = VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 1);
            ok = ok && ZstrCompare(s0->name, "alpha") == 0 && s0->value == 0x100000010ull && s0->type == 0x0F &&
                 s0->section_index == 1;
            ok = ok && ZstrCompare(s1->name, "beta") == 0 && s1->value == 0x100000040ull && s1->type == 0x24 &&
            ok = ok && ZstrCompare(s0->name, "alpha") == 0 && s0->value == 0x100000010ull && s0->type == 0x0F &&
                 s0->section_index == 1;
            ok = ok && ZstrCompare(s1->name, "beta") == 0 && s1->value == 0x100000040ull && s1->type == 0x24 &&
                 s1->section_index == 2;
        }
        Macho m;
        bool  ok = open_blob(&m, b, BUF, &alloc); // real: accepts
        ok       = ok && VecLen(&m.symbols) == 1 && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0)->name, "fit") == 0;
        if (ok)
            MachoDeinit(&m);
        Macho m;
        bool  ok = open_blob(&m, b, BUF, &alloc);
        ok       = ok && VecLen(&m.symbols) == 1 && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.symbols, 0)->name, "edge") == 0;
        if (ok)
            MachoDeinit(&m);
        bool  ok = MachoOpenFromMemoryCopy(&m, buf, sizeof(buf), base);
        ok       = ok && VecLen(&m.segments) == 1 && VecLen(&m.sections) == 0;
        ok       = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.segments, 0)->name, "__TEXT") == 0;
        ok       = ok && VecPtrAt(&m.segments, 0)->vmaddr == 0x1000;
        if (ok)
        bool  ok = MachoOpenFromMemoryCopy(&m, buf, sizeof(buf), base);
        ok       = ok && VecLen(&m.segments) == 1;
        ok       = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.segments, 0)->name, "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP") == 0;
        if (ok)
            MachoDeinit(&m);
        bool  ok = MachoOpenFromMemoryCopy(&m, buf, sizeof(buf), base);
        ok       = ok && VecLen(&m.sections) == 1;
        ok       = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->section, "abcdefghijklmnop") == 0;
        ok       = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->segment, "QRSTUVWXYZ012345") == 0;
        if (ok)
        ok       = ok && VecLen(&m.sections) == 1;
        ok       = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->section, "abcdefghijklmnop") == 0;
        ok       = ok && ZstrCompare(VecPtrAt(&m.sections, 0)->segment, "QRSTUVWXYZ012345") == 0;
        if (ok)
            MachoDeinit(&m);
        for (u64 i = 0; i < VecLen(&elf.symbols); ++i) {
            const ElfSymbol *s = VecPtrAt(&elf.symbols, i);
            if (s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "my_func") == 0) {
                found_func = s->value == FUNC_VADDR && s->size == FUNC_SIZE && s->type == ELF_SYMBOL_TYPE_FUNC &&
                             s->bind == ELF_SYMBOL_BIND_GLOBAL && s->section_index == SEC_TEXT;
        // Exactly at the symbol start.
        const ElfSymbol *s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, FUNC_VADDR);
        bool             ok = s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "my_func") == 0;
    
        // Inside the body.
        // Inside the body.
        s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, FUNC_VADDR + FUNC_SIZE / 2);
        ok = ok && s && ZstrCompare(s->name, "my_func") == 0;
    
        // Last covered byte.
        // Last covered byte.
        s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, FUNC_VADDR + FUNC_SIZE - 1);
        ok = ok && s && ZstrCompare(s->name, "my_func") == 0;
    
        // Just past the end -> no match.
                  MemCompare(elf.build_id, kBuildId, BUILD_ID_LEN) == 0;
    
        ok = ok && elf.debuglink_name != NULL && ZstrCompare(elf.debuglink_name, "foo.debug") == 0 &&
             elf.debuglink_crc == DEBUGLINK_CRC;
        const ElfSection *last  = VecPtrAt(&elf.sections, N_SECTIONS - 1);
        ok                      = ok && first->name && first->name[0] == '\0' && first->type == ELF_SECTION_TYPE_NULL;
        ok = ok && last->name && ZstrCompare(last->name, ".strtab") == 0 && last->type == ELF_SECTION_TYPE_STRTAB &&
             last->offset == STRTAB_OFF && last->size == STRTAB_SZ;
    
        const ElfSection *s1 = VecPtrAt(&elf.sections, 1);
        bool              ok = VecLen(&elf.sections) == 2 && s1->name != NULL && ZstrCompare(s1->name, "XYZ") == 0;
    
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        const ElfSection *sym = ElfFindSection(&elf, ".symtab");
        bool              ok =
            s != NULL && ZstrCompare(s->name, ".strtab") == 0 && sym != NULL && ZstrCompare(sym->name, ".symtab") == 0;
    
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        const ElfSymbol *b = VecPtrAt(&elf.symbols, 3);
        const ElfSymbol *l = VecPtrAt(&elf.symbols, 4);
        bool ok = a->name && ZstrCompare(a->name, "alpha") == 0 && b->name && ZstrCompare(b->name, "beta") == 0 &&
                  l->name && ZstrCompare(l->name, "local") == 0;
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        const ElfSymbol *l = VecPtrAt(&elf.symbols, 4);
        bool ok = a->name && ZstrCompare(a->name, "alpha") == 0 && b->name && ZstrCompare(b->name, "beta") == 0 &&
                  l->name && ZstrCompare(l->name, "local") == 0;
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        if (ok) {
            const ElfSymbol *d = VecPtrAt(&elf.dynamic_symbols, 1);
            ok                 = d->name && ZstrCompare(d->name, "dyn_sym") == 0 && d->value == SF_DYN_VADDR;
        }
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
    
        s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_ALPHA_VADDR);                     // exact start
        ok = ok && s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "alpha") == 0;
        s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_ALPHA_VADDR + SF_ALPHA_SIZE - 1); // last byte
        ok = ok && s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "alpha") == 0;
        ok = ok && s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "alpha") == 0;
        s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_ALPHA_VADDR + SF_ALPHA_SIZE - 1); // last byte
        ok = ok && s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "alpha") == 0;
        s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_ALPHA_VADDR + SF_ALPHA_SIZE);     // just past
        ok = ok && (s == NULL || ZstrCompare(s->name, "alpha") != 0);
        ok = ok && s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "alpha") == 0;
        s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_ALPHA_VADDR + SF_ALPHA_SIZE);     // just past
        ok = ok && (s == NULL || ZstrCompare(s->name, "alpha") != 0);
    
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        const ElfSymbol *hit  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_BETA_VADDR);
        const ElfSymbol *miss = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_BETA_VADDR + 1);
        bool             ok   = hit && hit->name && ZstrCompare(hit->name, "beta") == 0 && miss == NULL;
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        }
        const ElfSymbol *s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_BETA_VADDR);
        bool             ok = s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "beta") == 0 && s->bind == ELF_SYMBOL_BIND_GLOBAL;
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
        // NOT displace it because local is not GLOBAL.
        const ElfSymbol *s  = ElfResolveAddress(&elf, SF_ALPHA_VADDR + 4);
        bool             ok = s && s->name && ZstrCompare(s->name, "alpha") == 0 && s->bind == ELF_SYMBOL_BIND_GLOBAL;
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        DefaultAllocatorDeinit(&alloc);
            return false;
        }
        bool ok = elf.debuglink_name != NULL && ZstrCompare(elf.debuglink_name, "abc.debug") == 0 &&
                  elf.debuglink_crc == 0x0a0b0c0du;
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
        bool ok = elf.build_id != NULL && elf.build_id_size == BUILD_ID_LEN &&
                  MemCompare(elf.build_id, kBuildId, BUILD_ID_LEN) == 0;
        ok = ok && elf.debuglink_name != NULL && ZstrCompare(elf.debuglink_name, "foo.debug") == 0 &&
             elf.debuglink_crc == DEBUGLINK_CRC;
        ElfDeinit(&elf);
            // Inside the range -> the known name comes back.
            const DwarfFunction *f = DwarfFunctionsResolve(&fns, 0x4000);
            ok                     = ok && f && f->name && ZstrCompare(f->name, "widget_init") == 0;
            f                      = DwarfFunctionsResolve(&fns, 0x4000 + 0x3f); // last byte in range
            ok                     = ok && f && f->name && ZstrCompare(f->name, "widget_init") == 0;
            ok                     = ok && f && f->name && ZstrCompare(f->name, "widget_init") == 0;
            f                      = DwarfFunctionsResolve(&fns, 0x4000 + 0x3f); // last byte in range
            ok                     = ok && f && f->name && ZstrCompare(f->name, "widget_init") == 0;
            // Below low_pc and at/above high_pc -> no match.
            ok = ok && DwarfFunctionsResolve(&fns, 0x3fff) == NULL;
    
            const DwarfLineEntry *e = DwarfLinesResolve(&lines, 0x2000);
            ok                      = ok && e && e->file && ZstrCompare(e->file, "source.c") == 0 && e->line == 10;
    
            e  = DwarfLinesResolve(&lines, 0x2008);
    
            e  = DwarfLinesResolve(&lines, 0x2008);
            ok = ok && e && e->file && ZstrCompare(e->file, "source.c") == 0 && e->line == 20;
    
            DwarfLinesDeinit(&lines);
            // CuStrings vectors never allocate and the leak is unobservable).
            const DwarfLineEntry *e = DwarfLinesResolve(&lines, 0x2000);
            ok                      = ok && e && e->file && ZstrCompare(e->file, "source.c") == 0;
            DwarfLinesDeinit(&lines);
        }
            // is a distinct live allocation the deinit has to release.
            const DwarfLineEntry *e = DwarfLinesResolve(&lines, 0x2000);
            ok                      = ok && e && e->file && ZstrCompare(e->file, "source.c") == 0;
            // After the build there must be live allocations to release.
            ok = ok && (DebugAllocatorLiveCount(&dbg) > before);
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